#4 in an occasional series -- your challenge is to use it at least once today.Bathos
Literally, "depth".
Not a term from classical rhetoric, but coined by Alexander Pope for his mock-epics, in contrast to
pathos. His idea was that while pathos egages our emotions with the hero, bathos can be used to distance us from him and make him absurd, by using a heroic, epic style to discuss trivial activities, to the implied ridicule of those involved.
Pope observed that many authors do this unintentionally, and this is the more common meaning now -- anticlimax -- undercutting a serious point by means of triteness, risibility, spurious pathos or anything else really. An example of a modern-style satirical use from
the current Onion: "Bush: 'It Has Been Brought To My Attention That There Was Recently A Bad Storm'". An example of the older Pope-style satirical use might be
this one, in which the serious conventions of a movie review are used to ridicule the shallowness of this genre.
Nowadays I guess it's probably used as much for comic plonking effect as for satire. Like Jimmy Carr's joke: "My dad's dying wish was to have his family around him. I can't help thinking he would have been better off
with more oxygen."
(In case you missed it, here's a link to
the last MRIWFSORD, on
syllepsis, which I foolishly posted at the weekend when no-one was looking.)